Every manufacturer of firearms includes a booklet that shows to what degree the layman should take apart his or her weapon for routine maintenance. If the weapon has not been fired recently, different routine maintenance steps apply. Here are a few recommendations:

Disassembly to manufacturer recommendations for maintenance

Inspecting those parts for dirt and anything that would obstruct proper function

Cleaning the barrel with lubricant, rod, and cloth strips

Cleaning the bolt (if applicable) and housing with clothing

Wicking off excess lubricant so only a thin layer remains

Unloading rounds from the magazine and inspecting springs

Check the rigidity of the spring while reloading magazines

Reassemble the weapon and inspect action (unloaded)

Place weapon on safe (if applicable)

Return magazine to magazine well

Return weapon to where it is stored